Immune disorders Noel C. Santos, MD Your active immune defense innate immunity - invariant (generalized) - an early, limited specificity - the first line of defense of adaptive immunity - variable (optional) - later, very specific - BЂ? BЂ? remembersBЂ ™ ™ BЂ infection Oѓџ Oѓџ 1. Barriers - skin tears 2. Phagocytes - neutrophils, macrophages 3. K. M ast cells 4. Additions and other proteins
2. Activated T cells assist B-cells kill ABN / infected cells 3. B-cells - to produce Ab specific for Ag
Secondary - infection, malnutrition, aging, iatrogenic, autoimmune >> << specific immunity (humoral and cellular, T and B cells)
- nonspecific (additions, phagocytes, NK cells)
- cause: infections, malnutrition, aging, drugs, etc.
usually heavy chains Transpose first and then light chain
- male, aged 6 months
periodically (bacterial) respiratory viral infections, giardiasis, arthritis
antibodies to IgA
hypogammaglobulinemia ( ?) - all classes, sometimes only IgG
normal or nearly normal B-cells can not differentiate into plasma cells
both sexes with respiratory tract infections, herpes, etc. able to answer, multiply, do not produce Ig, and therefore no negative feedback
autoimmunity, lymphoid malignancies, stomach CA
able to IgM, but not IgG, IgA, IgE and
X-chromosome: male, purulent infections, P. carinii
Autoimmune: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia
variable loss of T-cell immunity, tetany, congenital defects of the heart / great vessels
X-chromosome: most comm, mutations in the gamma-chain subunit cytokine receptors are not functional stimulation deficieincy
X-chromosome, thrombocytopenia, eczema and recurrent infections
opportunistic infectioons, secondary neoplasms, neurological manifestations
HIV-1: U.S., Europe and Central Africa
Virus kernel: p24, nucleocapsid protein p7/p9, genomic RNA, viral enzymes (protease, reverese transcriptase and integrase)
Middle, chronic (Group II: asymptomatic infection Group III: persistent generalized lymphadenopathy)
final crisis (Group IV: - Constitutional disease; B Neurological diseases; C: secondary infection; D: Secondary neoplasms; E:. Miscellaneous
exogenous antigens: dust, pollen, foods, medicines, microbiological agents, chemical agents, blood products
- endogenous antigens: homologous, autologous
- Hypersensitivity: abnormal response to antigens IgE binds to mast cells and basophils, causing them to feel degranulate and release several mediators:
histamine: expands and increases the permeability of blood vessels (swelling and redness), increased mucus secretion (runny nose), smooth muscle (bronchial tubes). prostaglandins. reduction of smooth muscles of airways and increased mucus secretion leukotrienes: spasm of bronchial anaphylactic shock .. a sharp drop in blood pressure can lead to death within minutes to involve activation of complement by IgG and IgM binding to antigenic cells .. Cell Antigenic lizuyutsya of ABO blood group. Type O is universal donor cells incompatible donor lizuyutsya as they enter the blood groups of rhesus blood ... 85% of Rh positive Those Rh negative can be sensitive to the destruction of Rh positive blood cells hemolytic disease of newborn .... embryonic cells are destroyed maternal anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta attraction response against circulating soluble antigens in serum usually include IgA antibodies, antibody, antigen immune complexes are deposited in organs, activating complement, and cause inflammatory damage glomerulonephritis .. Inflammatory kidney damage occurs in some high antigen-antibody reactions attitude present involvement TD memory cells first contact sensitive man following contacts causing reaction Reactions delayed one or more days (delayed type hypersensitivity .....) The delay is due to the migration of macrophages and T cells to the site of foreign antigens reaction often appears lasix 7 mg on the skin .. itching, redness, swelling, pain anaphylactic shock may occur as energy.? long, irreversible functional inactivation >> << The role of infection BЂ | .. autoantytela: antinuclear, from blood elements, anti-phospholipid
Deposits Ig, DNA and C3
skin, joints, nervous system, serous membranes, heart, spleen, lungs
Inflammatory myositis. dermatomyositis, polymyositis, inclusion myositis
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